New coronavirus infectious disease related information

For more information on the new coronavirus infection, please see the link below.

New coronavirus infectious disease related information

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Influenza reports continue

The number of reported cases of influenza per sentinel was 2.71 in week 51 (1.2 in the previous week) in Arakawa Ward and 2.3 in week 51 (1.12 in the previous week) in Tokyo (as of January 5).

In the 50th week, the number of patient reports from influenza sentinel medical institutions in Tokyo exceeded 1.0 per sentinel, which is a guideline for the start of the epidemic.

Influenza is prevalent from December to March every year. It is the first flu season in three years, and there is concern about a full-scale influenza epidemic in the future, so caution is required.

Influenza sheds the virus and infects others for 7 days after symptoms appear. Even if your fever goes down, you should avoid places where many people gather. If you go to school or work, wear a mask and be careful not to infect others.

• Let's prevent influenza (Tokyo Bureau of Social Welfare and Public Health) (link to an external site)
• Tokyo influenza information (2022-2023 season) (Tokyo infectious disease information center) (link to the outside site)

Prevention points

For prevention, wash your hands, gargle, and follow cough etiquette.

Vaccination is effective to prevent aggravation of influenza. It takes at least two weeks for the vaccine to take effect, so early vaccination is recommended.

• 2022 Children's Influenza Vaccination Subsidy (Those with preschool disabilities or chronic illnesses)
• Influenza vaccination for the elderly in 2022

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Reports of infectious gastroenteritis continue

In particular, reports of infectious gastroenteritis caused by norovirus continue.

The number of patients reported per sentinel for infectious gastroenteritis was 26.75 in the 51st week in Arakawa Ward (24.25 in the previous week) and 10.62 in the 51st week in Tokyo (9.56 in the previous week) (as of January 5). ).

Group infections are concentrated from November to February.

Infection routes include infection by touching the mouth with a hand that has the pathogen (contact infection) and infection by eating contaminated food (oral infection).

The epidemic situation (Tokyo infectious disease information center) of infectious gastroenteritis (link to the outside site) (open with the other window)

The main symptoms of gastroenteritis due to norovirus are nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, fever, and abdominal pain. Vomiting is common in children and diarrhea is common in adults. Rotavirus gastroenteritis causes vomiting, diarrhea, fever, and may cause seizures in infants.

In some cases, the infection does not cause any symptoms, and in some cases, symptoms are similar to those of a mild cold.

Prevention points

To prevent infectious gastroenteritis, thoroughly wash your hands, heat enough when cooking bivalves, and properly dispose of vomit. In addition, please be especially careful and take measures to prevent infectious diseases, such as hygienic management of facilities, etc., where there is a possibility of mass infection.

If you vomit on the floor of a room or toilet and dispose of the vomit, wear a mask and gloves while ventilating the room and wipe off the vomit with a cloth or paper towel. % sodium hypochlorite), etc.

For more details, please see norovirus-response standard manual (link to the outside site) (open with the other window) in social welfare facilities .

Infectious disease information

Infectious disease information "please be careful about infectious gastroenteritis (norovirus)" (Tokyo health security research center) (link to the outside site) (open with the other window)

norovirus

Infectious gastroenteritis due to norovirus has symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, and fever (38 degrees or less) after an incubation period of 24 to 48 hours.

The prognosis is usually good, and the symptoms usually subside within 3 days of onset.

Not everyone who is infected will develop the disease, and some people who do develop flu-like symptoms.

About infectious gastroenteritis (especially norovirus) (Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare) (link to an external site) (opens in a separate window)

rotavirus

Infectious gastroenteritis caused by rotavirus is increasing slightly in Tokyo. After an incubation period of 24 to 72 hours, symptoms such as diarrhea (lasting 3 to 8 days, white, rice-washed stools when severe), vomiting, and fever appear.

In infants, symptoms often last longer than infectious gastroenteritis caused by norovirus, and as a complication, dehydration due to severe diarrhea is likely to occur. Adults are often asymptomatic.

Since 2011, rotavirus vaccination has become available.

It is said to be effective in suppressing the onset and aggravation of the disease, and is recommended to be completed between 6 weeks and 32 weeks after birth.

About infectious gastroenteritis (especially rotavirus) (Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare) (link to an external site) (opens in a separate window)

Let's be careful about infectious diseases

Measles

The number of reported cases of measles is 0 in the 51st week (0 in the previous week) in Arakawa Ward, 0 in 2022 (0 in 2021), and 0 in the 51st week in Tokyo (0 in the previous week), 2022. There were 0 people in the year (0 people in 2021) (as of January 5th).
Measles is said to be prevalent from spring to summer every year. Typically, after an incubation period of 10 to 12 days, a fever of about 38°C and cold symptoms continue for 2 to 4 days, followed by a high fever of 39°C or higher. A rash appears with The main symptoms are fever, rash, cough, runny nose, and bloodshot eyes. It is also known that infants are often accompanied by diarrhea and abdominal pain as gastrointestinal symptoms. The virus may be excreted from 1 to 2 days before the onset of symptoms and 4 to 5 days after the onset of symptoms.
Recently, however, it is known that some cases do not show the characteristic symptoms and course of measles. In addition, if you have been vaccinated, you may not have typical symptoms such as rashes, so it is important to suspect measles if you have a fever instead of judging based on symptoms alone.
There is only symptomatic treatment (treatment to suppress symptoms), and it is said that about 1 in 1,000 patients die even now, and complications such as pneumonia and encephalitis (1 in 1,000) may occur. It is said that it is a disease that should never be underestimated.
The School Health and Safety Law stipulates that attendance is suspended for 3 days after the fever subsides. However, this does not apply if the school doctor or other doctors recognize that there is no risk of infection due to the medical condition.

• Let's be careful about measles
• The epidemic situation (Tokyo infectious disease information center) of measles (link to the outside site) (open with the other window)
• Measles Q&A (Tokyo infectious disease information center) (link to the outside site) (open with the other window)
• With measles (National Institute of Infectious Diseases) (link to the outside site) (open with the other window)

Prevention points

Vaccination is effective in preventing measles. If you are eligible for routine immunization, be sure to get vaccinated. Routine vaccination is given as a combined measles and rubella vaccine (MR vaccine).
In addition, since measles is highly contagious and often develops in adults, people who are not eligible for routine immunization should be vaccinated not only to prevent themselves from being infected, but also to prevent infecting family members and other people close to them. Let's consider
Arakawa Ward subsidizes vaccination costs for people aged 2 to 18 who live in the ward and have not been vaccinated against measles and rubella, or who have received a single dose of measles vaccination. For more information, please visit the link below.

About special measures for measles and rubella vaccination (Health Promotion Section, Health Promotion Section)

Rubella

The number of reported cases of rubella in Arakawa Ward was 0 in the 51st week (0 in the previous week), 0 in 2022 (cumulative in 2021: 0), and 1 in the 51st week in Tokyo (0 in the previous week), 2022. There were 3 people in the year (2 people in 2021) (as of January 5th).
Rubella is a viral disease whose main symptoms are fever, rash, and swollen lymph nodes. It is also called "three-day measles". It is said that it is most common in school children and adolescents, but recently there are many cases of onset in adults, and there have been cases of mass infection in the workplace. After an incubation period of 2 to 3 weeks (16 to 18 days on average), fever, pale red rash, and swollen lymph nodes usually appear. When adults are affected, the symptoms are said to be generally more severe than in children.
If rubella strikes early in pregnancy, there is a possibility that a baby with congenital rubella syndrome (CRS), whose main symptoms are cataracts, congenital heart disease, and hearing loss, is a typical infectious disease that requires prevention, especially in pregnant women. It's one of In addition to pregnant women, pregnant women's partners and men in the prime of their lives also need to be careful.
The School Health and Safety Law stipulates that "until the rash disappears" is the standard for the suspension period. However, this does not apply if the school doctor or other doctors recognize that there is no risk of infection due to the medical condition.

• Let's be careful about rubella
• The epidemic situation (Tokyo infectious disease information center) of rubella (link to the outside site) (open with the other window)

Prevention points

Rubella is a disease that can be prevented by vaccination. If you are eligible for routine immunization, be sure to get vaccinated.
Women who may become pregnant should be vaccinated before becoming pregnant.
If you are unsure whether or not you have had rubella in the past, we recommend that you take an antibody titer test at a medical institution and get vaccinated if necessary.
Please check the following for vaccination measures in Arakawa City.

About special measures for measles and rubella vaccination (Health Promotion Section, Health Promotion Section)

Other Notable Diseases

monkeypox

Monkeypox is an infectious disease caused by the monkeypox virus, which is endemic in Central and West Africa. In Japan, it is designated as a category 4 infectious disease under the Infectious Disease Law.

In addition, since May 2022, the spread of community-acquired infections has been confirmed in Europe and the United States. A patient with a history of overseas travel was also confirmed in Japan.

• The incubation period for monkeypox is 6 to 13 days (5 to 21 days maximum). A rash appears after 3 days and heals within 2 to 4 weeks after onset.
• In areas where monkeypox is endemic, avoid contact with animals such as rodents, monkeys, and rabbits, avoid droplets and bodily fluids of people suspected of being infected, and practice hand hygiene. If you do, see a doctor immediately.

For more information, please visit the link below.

• About monkeypox (Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare) (link to an external site) (opens in a separate window)
• About the global epidemic of monkeypox (Tokyo Health and Safety Research Center) (link to an external site) (opens in a separate window)

mosquito-borne infection

Traveling to countries with high mosquito populations and frequent mosquito bites increase the risk of mosquito-borne diseases such as Zika, dengue, and chikungunya. In Japan, it is transmitted by being bitten by infected Aedes albopictus, and is not transmitted from person to person. There is no vaccine, so it is important to prevent mosquito bites.
The incubation period is 2 to 15 days, and symptoms such as fever, headache, muscle pain, and rash appear. When symptoms appear, let's consult a medical institution early.
For more information, please visit the link below.

• Beware of mosquito-borne infections
• Mosquito-mediated infectious disease (Tokyo infectious disease information center) (link to the outside site) (open with the other window)

bird-flu

Sustained human-to-human transmission has not been confirmed, but if you are staying in China, Hong Kong, or Taiwan, please pay attention to future information and practice good hand washing and cough etiquette. Also, avoid direct contact with birds and avoid approaching sick or dead birds.
For more information, please visit the link below.

Information on bird flu

Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MARS)

Middle East respiratory syndrome is a viral infectious disease first identified in 2012, and the causative virus is called MERS coronavirus.
Although it is not yet known exactly how infection occurs, the same virus as the MERS coronavirus isolated from patients has been isolated from dromedary camels in the Middle East. It is considered to be one of the source animals of the (Mars) virus.
Travelers to the Middle East should avoid contact with camels and other animals, and avoid eating unpasteurized milk and meat.

Middle East respiratory syndrome (MARS) prevention poster (PDF: 289KB)

The main symptoms are fever, cough, and shortness of breath. It may be accompanied by gastrointestinal symptoms such as diarrhea. Some people who are infected with Middle East Respiratory Syndrome have no symptoms or have only mild symptoms, but the disease tends to become severe especially in the elderly and in people with underlying diseases such as diabetes, chronic lung disease, and immunodeficiency. I have.
If you have symptoms such as a fever of 38°C or higher and a cough, and have traveled to the Middle East within the past 14 days, or if you have been involved in medical or nursing care for a patient suspected of having Middle East Respiratory Syndrome in South Korea, please contact the public health center. Please contact us.
For more information, please visit the link below.

• About Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MARS)
• With infectious disease brief information "Middle East respiratory syndrome (MARS)" (Tokyo health security research center) (link to the outside site) (open with the other window)
• Q&A (Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare) about Middle East respiratory syndrome (MARS) (link to the outside site) (open with the other window)
• To those traveling to the Middle East <Notes on Middle East Respiratory Syndrome> (Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare Quarantine Station) (Link to an external site) (Opens in a new window)

Ebola hemorrhagic fever

Ebola hemorrhagic fever is a disease that spreads mainly through contact with body fluids (blood, secretions, vomit/excretion) of patients.
So far, it has occurred in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Sudan, Uganda and Gabon in Central Africa and in Guinea, Liberia, Sierra Leone, Mali, Nigeria and Ivory Coast in West Africa.
For more information, please visit the link below.

• Ebola hemorrhagic fever (Tokyo infectious disease information center) (link to the outside site) (open with the other window)
• About Ebola hemorrhagic fever (Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare) (link to the outside site) (open with the other window)
• With Ebola hemorrhagic fever (National Institute of Infectious Diseases) (link to the outside site) (open with the other window)

Prevention of infectious diseases starts with daily habits

Daily habits such as hand washing, gargling, cough etiquette, well-balanced meals, adequate rest, and physical condition management are important to prevent infectious diseases.

Number of reported cases of infectious diseases

The graph of the number of reported cases of infectious diseases in Arakawa Ward is a graph created by the public health center based on the Tokyo Metropolitan Government's "Weekly Report on Infectious Diseases" to make it easier to understand the epidemic situation of infectious diseases in the ward.

• Graph of the number of patient reports by infectious disease in Arakawa Ward (PDF: 637KB)
• Number of reports of measles and rubella patients in Arakawa Ward Graph (PDF: 94KB)
• Influenza patient report number graph (PDF: 67KB) in Arakawa-ku

How to read the graph of the number of reported cases of infectious diseases

The vertical axis of the graph is the number of reports per fixed-point medical institution (all reports for measles and rubella). Compared to Tokyo, there are fewer fixed-point medical institutions in Arakawa Ward, so the fluctuations in values ​​are large.
Also, the horizontal axis of the graph is the week. The week starts on Monday and ends on Sunday. The first week will be from December 30, 2019 (Monday) to January 5, 2020 (Sunday).

Fixed-point medical institution

A sentinel medical institution is a medical institution that reports the number of infected patients per week according to a certain standard in order to know the outbreak status of infectious diseases.
There are five types of sentinel: influenza sentinel (pediatric sentinel, internal medicine sentinel), pediatric sentinel, ophthalmology sentinel, sexually transmitted disease sentinel, and basic sentinel. Therefore, the Tokyo Metropolitan Government designates a number of fixed-point medical institutions within the jurisdiction of public health centers according to the population.
In Arakawa Ward, there are 4 pediatric sentinel medical institutions, 3 internal medicine sentinel medical institutions, 1 ophthalmology sentinel medical institution, 1 sexually transmitted disease sentinel medical institution, and 0 basic sentinel (also known as hospital sentinel) medical institutions in Tokyo. is specified from
Of these, 7 sentinel points, including 4 sentinel points for pediatrics and 3 sentinel points for internal medicine, have been designated as sentinel points for influenza. In addition, the ward has received reports from five medical institutions independently.
The sentinel medical institution is to report the outbreak status (number of patients) of infectious diseases specified by an ordinance of the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare to the Tokyo Metropolitan Government via the Arakawa Ward Public Health Center once a week.

Number of reports per sentinel center

This is a numerical value that indicates how many reports were received from one fixed point (medical institution) per week. This number can be used to understand the prevalence of infectious diseases. The number of reports per sentinel is obtained by dividing the total number of infectious disease reports within the jurisdiction of the public health center by the number of sentinel medical institutions.
For example, if there are 24 reports of influenza within the jurisdiction of the Arakawa Ward Public Health Center, the number of reports (24 cases) is the number of sentinel medical institutions ). In this case, 24 ÷ 12 = 2.00, and it is possible to estimate the prevalence of influenza in Arakawa Ward (measles and rubella are all reported).

Related information

Tokyo infectious disease information center (link to the outside site) (open with the other window)